Intelligent Transmit Power Control

Intelligent Transmit Power pull stringsThe Intelligent Transmit Power Control In Expanding The Limitation Of run for For Bluetooth Communication For Indoor Navigation SystemJamilah Binti MohamedINTRODUCTIONAs era goes by, the technology is gr possess up precise fast. The technology is created and invented according to the necessities of consumers. In addition, there admit some(prenominal) scientist did researched and experiment to key the solutions for our hassles in our life. Therefore, some(a) of researcher had found the Bluetooth technology to settle several(prenominal) occupations that come into our life. For instants, we quest a cable to communicate all information and to set approximately that cable, we consider to spend our m iodiny to buy it. Thus the creation of Bluetooth earth-closet succincten our cost.Bluetooth is the one of the indoor navigator that play its own snuff its. In 1994, Bluetooth was initiated by the team of researchers at Ericsson Mobile Co mmunications. gibe to the history of the creation of Bluetooth The take in Bluetooth is taken from the 10th century Danish King Harald Blatand-or Harold Bluetooth in English. During the fictile stage of the trade association a code name was inevitable to name the effort. King Blatand was instrumental in uniting warring factions in parts of what atomic number 18 now Norway, Sweden, and Denmark just as Bluetooth technology is intentional to allow collaboration surrounded by differing industries such as the computing smooth phone and automotive markets. The code name as stuck. (Bluetooth SIG 2006)Nowadays, m all of the gadgets standardised handphones, smartphones, printers, fax machines, computers and a nonher(prenominal) device provide Bluetooth technology as one of the facilities and attraction to their customers. That why near of the people in the world inhabit about the technology of Bluetooth.Bluetooth has their own characteristics. set-backly, Bluetooth is short t ramp communion. There excite three types of space that Bluetooth can function which argon the longest distance is blow meters , medium distance is 10 meters , and the shortest distance is 10 cm. However, it is very effective at the short distance and in noisy frequency. Bluetooth is divers(prenominal) with the Wi-Fi and WLANs technology, Wi-Fi and WLANs had long set off communication but enquire to adjudge networks.Secondly, Bluetooth preparation cable-free environment which can replace the portable cable to conjoin between two devices and can use to build ad hoc network both at the same device or at different device. At that cadence, Bluetooth is the most suitable technology for consumers to use it thus far it have several weaknesses. In addition, to use Bluetooth,Third, among the technology frame that appe bed straight off, Bluetooth is more cheap than other devices. Usually, a traditional testing technology show that most of the devices are expensive because of the use of cable, use an expensive measurement equipment, put m whatever sensors to the measurement and so on. All of the action above imparting profit cost of the device. Different with Bluetooth, it is a simple play that yet if employ radio waves and spread-spectrum frequency-hopping technique. The cost for adding Bluetooth in any device is not more than $5 to $10. Most of the people are spread out to have it. in comparable manner that, Bluetooth use two types of thinks for it process. First is Synchronous Connection oriented (SCO) and second is Asynchronous Connectionless Link (ACL). The process of Bluetooth use the concept of see and slave.For Synchronous Connection Oriented (SCO), the process is between cross and a single slave in the piconet which is symmetric point to point. SCO need a symmetric point to character link point for orchestrateing and receiving voice packets from one device to another device at certain epoch intervals. SCO process is started from a ma ster device. When the master device send any selective information via SCO link in a slot, the slave will send back to the following slot. There are several type of SCO. HV1 carries 10 entropy bytes and is convey any 2 slots, HV2 carries 20 entropy bytes and is transmitted every 4 slots and HV3 carries 30 data bytes and is transmitted every 6 slots.(For Asynchronous Connectionless Link (ACL), the governance is different with SCO because it need to wait for reference from the liquidator. This style of link is more safe than SCO. If the signal do not receive to the receiver, ACL will send it back until the receiver get it. subsequently that, the liquidator will check the packet and clarify the data contagion via cyclic redundancy code (CRC) to make sure the data is correct. ACL is point-to-multipoint link which is between master and slaves in the piconet. In the piconet, ACL can work only in a single link.The process of Bluetooth is started when there have piconet master lin k with slave devices. One piconet can have a level best of seven active slave devices and one master device. All communication within a piconet goes finished the piconet master. Two or more piconets in concert form a scatternet, which can be used to eliminate Bluetooth tell restrictions (Haataja, 2006). later on that, data will transfer between Bluetooth devices and physical channel. transmittal is conk in packets that is subdivided into time units known as slots.THESIS argumentationLITERATURE REVIEWBluetooth is created for short direct communication without using any cable or cable free environment. Most of the people nowadays use Bluetooth instead of transfer information via cable. Usually, Bluetooth can use at computers, mobile phones, cars, headphone earphone, camera and printer. It is easy and not expensive. However, there are lot of problem during using Bluetooth.1. PROBLEMBluetooth does not have authorise frequency band. The way it works may cause the security of the outline easy to attack by other people. It will make slander to the devices. The intruders are intimately interrupted the process and know the information transfers during the devices reveal to apiece other. Thus , Bluetooth need outgrowth the quality of the system to be more safe for consumers to used the communication style.However, the most important problem that occurs in Bluetooth technology is redact limitation or range backwardness during the process of transferring data. It is possible for data transmittal in a short range. There have three classification of distance that Bluetooth can function. First, data transmission at 100 meters , second is 10 meters and the shortest distance is 10 centimeter but the consumers must remember that the shortest distance, the fastest the data transmission process.In addition, the amount of data can affect the effectiveness of Bluetooth during the process of transferring the data. If the data is large or big in coat, the rate of the transferring data is induce slow. This is because the network is over loaded then the data transmission become slower than usual. Sometimes, somebody need to wait for a a few(prenominal) minutes and unluckily, if the devices have problem with it, the process will stop without any notice. That why we need to confirm that the data is safely receive to the recipient device. If not, it is just waste your time for waiting the Bluetooth process to finished.Not only that, Bluetooth always can not r severally the device properly even the device is on for Bluetooth, only for certain devices they can pair to for each one other. Sometimes, they can pair to each other but need an afford to pair them by doing it several times. It will takes time to pair the devices. After that, if the data transmission is large, a lot of time is needed. Therefore, time dilation is occur during using the Bluetooth technology either waiting the devices paring each other or the data safely transmitted to th e receiver.Moreover, the battery of the devices will decrease not same as usual. Transmission of data will cause a little bits of battery. As we know, most of the technology devices are created with short durability of battery like smartphone and laptop. The causes of the decreasing of the battery in a short time for certain devices are there have lots of system installed at the devices with high intensity of light and umteen more factors. Therefore, the uses of Bluetooth will increasing the rate of battery of the devices getting low.Lastly, among the problems above, it is easily to say that the most affected is the range limitation in the Bluetooth. Because of the range limitation, the distance to connect the devices is limited, takes time if the data is quite large, security of the system is vulnerable and difficult to pair among the devices. Thus, a few research was occur to settle the problems. The researchers try to find a single way to slam range.2. LIMITATIONConnection Blue tooth can connect after transmitter and receiver getting pair to each other.Otherwise, those device can not connect to each other and the data transmission will not happen. speed Bluetooth was created for low speed transmission of data. If the amount ofdata is larger, the speed become slower. Therefore , we can conclude that transferring data will take time because the speed of Bluetooth process is slow.Range The range of the Bluetooth is limit only for 100 meters (the longestdistance that Bluetooth can function). If the distance between the devices far from that, Bluetooth system will does not work.3. SIGNIFICANTActually Bluetooth is important in commutation of wire or cable during communication between two or more than two devices. It is too important in GPS receivers and medical equipment. The reading of Bluetooth is become fastest and the product of Bluetooth devices appeared into our life with many variation like Bluetooth home-network, Bluetooth earphone, and Bluetooth he ad phone.Typical Use of a Bluetooth enabled phone as a data modem for a PCIn addition, Bluetooth is popular because it can office the data with different device. For example, data from laptop can be transfer via Bluetooth to the smartphone. Furthermore, Bluetooth can transfer data to the eight devices by using piconet. The industriousness is easy and does not need a large provision.Besides, we can regard the data transmission by accepting or rejecting it from any devices that we do not know. Bluetooth can our device more safe from any unneeded data. Indirectly, we can protect our devices from any virus via Bluetooth.Several common misperception about the function of Bluetooth such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi competing to each other. In fact, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi were created with different function and ability. Bluetooth is created for wire replacement at short distance fellowship bit Wi-Fi is used for getting data, video and voice at 300 meters. Therefore, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi not co mpeting to each other but help to complete and settle the problem of consumers.This is one of the research do by connectBlue 2014.4. RANGE EXPANSIONFirst of all, we need to identify the power transmitted in the Bluetooth process. There have 3 classess of power range which are 1mW (1 meter), 2.5mW (10 meters) and 100 mW (100 meters).According to the range above, we can see the power restrictions. The highest transmitting power when access at the short distance or small size in data. simply if the distance between the Bluetooth devices is far or have large size of data, the lowest transmitting power will access. Due to this problem, there have one way to increase the power during transmit the data or any information via Bluetooth.Therefore we can do a hypothesis that when the distance between two Bluetooth devices is lower, the power control transmit the data will increase. So, it will slow down the interference with other transmitter.As we know apart of problems come from Bluetooth can be settle if the range of community is large. Therefore, the range is the most important parameter for any Bluetooth devices to increase the power control. So, there have one way to overcome the underlying limitation of range in Bluetooth.Establish a network through enabled intermediary device.Due to the broadcast nature of wireless communication and omni-directional antennae among the most electronics devices nowadays, the transmission of data will sent to any hosts that on the Bluetooth. In addition, the host can on or off the wireless connection without notifying other hosts. Therefore , during the connection ,both two devices must know and on the Bluetooth system to transfer and receive the data.If both devices that want to connect each other are out of their transmission range, the other devices that around the vector of data will receive it and can forward to another devices. According to the increasing of mobility of wireless hosts, every host must have their own cap ability of an autonomous system, or centralized administration. Not only because end-hosts are transient the mobility and autonomy introduces a dynamic topology of the networks but also because intermediate hosts on a communication path are transient.That why both devices must have a network to allow the intermediary device function and Bluetooth process will occur. Moreover , to start the connection of Bluetooth device without any limitation of range, we must provide an ad-hoc network with obtainable to all devices.For easy understanding, we can apply network at our devices impromptu and available to who ever at that area. Not only that, the network can use for a specific applications and at temporary usage. However, every devices need to upgrade their accessible devices due to theis list. Thus, it is easy to all consumers to transfer data by using Bluetooth if that network can provide for any devices.A process to expand the range of Bluetooth or broke the limitation of range in Bluetooth are not complex and only need intermediate hosts. The process need two type of routing process which are dormant and dynamic.In static routing process, it is independent and maintained for every node for every requirement. While for dynamic routing process , it is work when it is needed in the process. If the transmitter and the receiver want to transfer the data, they need to send data and find the route by their own then create the routing table.