Comparison of Nursing Stress in Public and Private Hospitals

Comparison of Nursing Stress in Public and Private Hospitals insane asylumThe profession of nursing is considered one of the most centeringful professions in the world. Nursing is by nature a stressful occupation. Continuous and long-term stress nominate result in physiologic, psychological, and behavioral problems in nurses. therefore these professionals suffer been look fored time and again. To cope with these problems some(prenominal) heading styles are deployed by the nurse which help them remove with the everyday stressors of their life. It has been found via seek that using certain unwellnessy coping styles may result in a number of psychological health problems (Srinivasan Samuel, 2014).Nursing is the kindhearted of job in which professionals have to accept with immense reckon load which can result in a lot of health problems, both corporal and psychological. . not only that, the patients that come to hospitals themselves accompany a host of problems with th em such as the stress of organism ill, being frightful and apprehensive about their future and often they are very bitter and sometimes even indignant. Nurses have to deal with all of this and have to maintain a sense of composure at the same time. Sometimes the nurses have to perform the role of doctors and deal with the attendants and patients which mean they have to relieve oneself the insults that were meant for the doctors and wasnt initially a part of their job requirement. Some patients and attendants can even be physically abusive at times this can result in even more stress for the nurses. It is often seen that at times the patients are way too demanding and expect more than what their job entails, when those expectations are not met the patients can be aggressive and they tend to show their aggression in a both verbal and physical way. These stressors expose nurses to a host of problems, depression, anxiety and insomnia being a few of them (Srinivasan Samuel, 2014).Th ere is an extreme scarceness of nurses in both the g everyplacenment and underground hospitals in Pakistan which makes them a valuable asset, one that must not be taken for granted. This scarcity in the number of nurses is mainly due to the discrepancy between their naturaliseload and their pay scales which make them leave their homeland and migrate to countries that give them roper compensation for their work. The work-life issues threatening memory of nurses is of serious concern for health administrators. This dearth of nursing professionals in Pakistan was researched by the Joint Learning endeavour Report in 2004 and the World Health Report in 2006 and found Pakistan to be among those 57 nations that have the most significant lack of human resource (Hamid, Malik, Kamran Ramzan, 2013).There is no shortage of nursing schools and colleges in the country, there are roughly 109 nursing institutions and 44000 nurses on record in Pakistan scarcely the lack of nurses are still a grave problem. There are insufficient nurses in comparison to the people that claim medical attention. A country that has limited nursing professionals leave have dire effects on its health care systems despite having sound technological facilities. This dearth in the amount of nursing stave is not just a matter for developing countries like Pakistan but also for the countries in the developed world. There are a host of reasons behind this deficiency in the amount of nursing staff, some of them being poor working conditions, low pay and poor job satisfaction. Among the factors that have contributed to the immense shortage of nurses in Pakistan are the increase in workload, lack of any admiration or reward such as monetary incentives and inflexible nursing management (Hamid, Malik, Kamran Ramzan, 2013).Therefore, there is a dire need to research this major work force of Pakistan that has been neglected and often taken for granted. This view was planned to examine occupational s tressors that the nurses face, coping strategies they deploy to deal with those stressors, and amiable health problems they have as a result of those stressors.The aims of the research were to start out the varietys among stressors of private and judicature hospital nurses. The objectives of this study were to find out the passings in the coping styles in nurses of government and private hospitals. The other objective was to find out whether awry(p) coping styles champion to rational health problems.Literature ReviewSahraian, Davidi, Bazrafshan Javadpour conducted a study in 2013 to find out the unalike kinds of occupational stressors faced by nurses across some(prenominal) wards, nurses working in surgical, internal and psychiatric wards were interviewed in teaching hospitals of Iran. In this cross-sectional study, 180 nurses were selected who worked in surgical, internal and psychiatric wards of 4 teaching hospitals. The results of the study indicated that nurses of sur gical and internal wards showed significantly higher(prenominal) level of occupational as compared to the nurses working in psychiatric wards. It was ascertained finished the results obtained that job stressors of nurses differ across different wards in the hospitals.There are several sources of stress, the environment in which one works being one of the biggest stressors. The significance of management of occupational stress is acknowledged, it effects the production of work, and it is also found to be linked with the workers physical and mental health. This particular research sought to assess the basis and effects of work- connect stress on the capability, output, and competence of nurses. several(prenominal) factors of the job have been linked to stress for e.g., excess of work, feelings of powerlessness, lack of clarity about their role as a nurse and disagreements at work. Stagnancy in the expansion of career, fear of joblessness, feelings of being underestimated and ambiguit y in the chances of growth and promotion are some of the other stressors that were observed. This research revealed that stress negatively effects work effectiveness, de-motivates the performance, and instills the feelings of detachment towards the organization and its workers (Moustaka Constantinidis, 2010).Nursing is an extremely stressful job by nature and nurses use several coping strategies to deal with the stressors of their job. The aim of this study was to examine the major sources and consequences of job stress and coping weapon amongst nurses in public health services. The research was both qualitative and quantitative in nature. It was concluded through this research that the nature of the work itself was the biggest stressor for nurses. The work itself included the setting of the work place, the monotony of work and the over burden of work. Some other stressors that were identified were the insensitive and unprofessional nature of the superiors, lack of acknowledgement and work place clashes. It was also found out that increased social support of friends, family and colleagues worked as a despotic coping strategy against the effects of the occupational stressors. The participants relied on a number of other coping mechanisms to contend with the effects of the job (Beh Loo, 2012).Significance of the studyThis research can highlight the occupational stressors of nurses, the mental health problems they get as a consequence of not being able to cope with those work related stressors. This allow for show a different side of these professionals that people often fail to see and take their services for granted.Rationale of the studyAs mentioned above there hasnt been any research do on this population and even though this job is among the toughest jobs in the world, its not given untold regard in our part of the world. This study allow not only highlight the stressors that nurses face but exit also serve as a stepping stone for further researche s.Research QuestionsWhat is the dissimilitude between the stressors of nurses of private and government hospitals?What is the difference in the coping styles of nurses of private and government hospitals?What is the difference in the mental health problems of nurses of private and government hospitals?Working in which ward is the most stressful for the nurses of both government and private hospitals?Which shift is the cause of most stress for the nurses of both government and private hospitals?Do faulty coping styles lead to mental health problems?HypothesesIt is hypothesized that there provide be no significant difference between the job stressors of private and government hospitals.It is hypothesized that there will be no significant difference between the coping styles of private and government hospitals.It is hypothesized that there will be no significant difference between the mental health problems of private and government hospitals.It is hypothesized that positive coping b ehaviors would be associated negatively with mental health problems in nurses, and negative coping behaviors would be associated positively with mental health problems in nurses.It is hypothesized that higher the level of job stressors, higher the degree of mental health problems in nurses.MethodResearch formulaA cross-sectional research target will be used for this study. It will be a comparative study as it aims to find difference between job stressors, coping styles and mental health problems of nurses of private and government hospitals. Therefore a Correlational study design will be used. This design tests for statistical relationship between two variables which are nurses of private and government hospitals.SettingData will be gather uped from nurses of private and government hospitals.Phase I. Exploring the PhenomenologyDuring the first phase the phenomenon of occupational stressors of the nurses will be explored. A total number of 50 nurses will be interviewed, 25 from go vernment hospitals and 25 from private hospitals. Before beginning the interviews permission from the head nurse or the part of the nurses will be taken. The nurses will then be interviewed individually and will be asked about the stressors they face on a passing(a) basis. Open ended questions will be asked so as to elicit more comprehensive and tiny responses from the nurses.Phase II. Pilot StudyThe second phase is the trial phase which will determine the feasibleness of the research and will also determine the reliability and responsiveness of the items of the scale that is developed.Main StudyIn order to test the hypotheses the main study will be conducted.ParticipantsThis study will be conducted in government and private hospitals. The participants in this study will be a sample of 300 nurses, one hundred fifty from private hospitals and 150 from government hospitals.MeasuresDemographic data includes age, marital status, qualification, family system, no. of children, years o f experience and the kind of institution.Scales occupational stress scale, cope scale and general health questionnaire.The occupational stress scale is an innate scale which was developed according to the norms of our culture. The cope scale was also an indigenous scale which was adapted to find out the different coping styles of nurses in Pakistan. GHQ-12 was used to assess the mental health problems of the nurses, it is a psychometric tool often used to evaluate psychological distress, depression and anxiety.ProcedureIn order to collect data, the department of clinical Psychology University of Management and Technology Lahore will issue a letter which will explain the purpose of the research and data collection from different institutions. This letter will be presented to the nurses department at different government and private hospitals in order to obtain permission to collect data. later on the participants consent will be taken and the aim of the research will be explained t o the participants. Ethical considerations will be considered and after the completion of data collection, results will be analyzed.Analysis of ResultsOnce the data is collected, it will be analyzed by using SPSS 16.00 software program in order to test the hypotheses.